Why Do Camels Have Humps? Contrary to popular belief the camel s humps are not full of water. Instead these odd protrusions are mounds of fat allowing the gangly beast to travel days through the desert without stopping for a bite to eat. A camel can carry up to 80 pounds of fat on its back (Baby camels don t get their humps until they start eating solid food). When a camel consumes the emergency food supply the hump will shrink and fall to one side. Refueling and a good night s sleep will return the hump to its upright position. Meantime a camel can drink up to 20 gallons of water at a time if there is any water around. Follow Life's Little Mysteries on Twitter @llmysteries. We're also on Facebook & Google+.